Activated carbon is currently one of the indispensable purification and adsorption products in the industrial and civil fields. Its products can effectively adsorb impurities and toxic substances in air and liquids. After the adsorption is saturated, the activated carbon can be recycled through deep processing and can be recycled. Performance remains unchanged. Common raw materials for producing activated carbon are various types of fruit shells (such as coconut shells, apricot shells, walnut shells, etc.), coal-based materials such as anthracite and clean coal, and wood-based materials such as various logs. The following is Yanhe’s introduction to you about the basic equipment needed in activated carbon production?
1. The carbonization furnace looks like a cylinder installed vertically on the ground and has a feed port and a discharge port.
2. Activation furnace has an appearance similar to a carbonization furnace, but its function is different from that of a carbonization furnace in that it can heat activated carbon to a higher temperature.
Activated carbon carbonization process conditions: Carbonization is supposed to be heated and carbonized in an air-isolated condition. However, in actual production, due to the negative pressure in the carbonization furnace and the production system cannot be absolutely tight, some air must be brought into the carbonization system. , and cause the burning of carbonized materials in the furnace, and even pull out materials to block equipment pipes. According to experience, the negative pressure in the carbonization furnace should be controlled between 30 and 100Pa. The most important factors in the carbonization process are the final carbonization temperature and the carbonization heating rate. In the actual production process, the carbonization heating rate is generally 8℃/min for coarse particles with a particle size of 5.0~7.0mm; the particle size is 3.0~5.0mm. For medium-sized materials, 10°C/min is preferred; for particle sizes smaller than 3.0mm, 12°C/min is preferred. Carbonization is one of the important processes for producing activated carbon. The quality of carbonization directly affects the next activation operation and the quality of the final product. The carbonization of molding materials refers to the volatilization of coal tar low molecular substances in the materials and the thermal decomposition and solidification of coal and asphalt under relatively low temperature conditions (below 600°C). Since from the low temperature entering the carbonization furnace to the high temperature coming out of the furnace, the molding material not only makes the particles shorter and more uniform during its forward, up and down movement, but more importantly, the volatile matter in the strips is released from the carbon particles as the temperature continues to increase. The carbonized material will continue to escape during the period, and when the carbonized material is finally released from the furnace, it will meet the specified requirements.
The activated carbon activation process is the most critical process in the activated carbon production process, which directly affects the performance, cost and quality of activated carbon products. Activation uses an activation furnace, which is a type of furnace that uses water vapor and flue gas as activators. Activation temperature is one of the main factors that determines the rate of formation of activated carbon pore structure. The main reaction of activation is a reversible endothermic reaction. According to the law of thermodynamic reaction, increasing the reaction temperature is conducive to the progress of the forward reaction, which can increase the activation reaction speed. However, if the temperature is too high, the pore structure of activated carbon is prone to change. Micropores decrease, macropores increase, strength decreases, and yield decreases. Pillar activated carbon for water treatment has strict requirements on strength. Therefore, the selection of activation temperature should take into account the relationship between adsorption capacity and strength. Table 7 shows the effect of activation temperature on the adsorption performance of activated carbon. In order to maintain the normal activation reaction temperature, secondary air must be added to different positions of the heating half of the activation furnace to burn with the combustible gas in the mixed gas to release a large amount of heat. The main reactions are as follows: The heat released is enough to keep the activation reaction in a state of thermal equilibrium. , the two halves of the furnace run regularly alternately, so that the activation temperature is stable, the activation effect is good, the product quality is uniform, and the adsorption capacity is strong.
