Activated carbon is an excellent adsorbent with developed void structure, huge specific surface area and adsorption capacity. It is stable in nature, insoluble in water and organic solvents, resistant to acids and alkalis, and can be easily regenerated after use. There are many types of activated carbon, but the history of activated carbon manufacturing and application has proven that activated carbon produced from bamboo and wood raw materials has the advantages of large total pore volume, large specific surface area, high reactivity and fewer impurities compared with activated carbon produced from other raw materials. However, with the improvement of the environmental awareness of the whole society, in order to protect forest resources, the state has expressly prohibited logging and deforestation, so the raw materials of wood-based activated carbon are becoming increasingly scarce. Bamboo has the characteristics of fast growth and short maturity period, so its resources are relatively abundant, so it is necessary to vigorously develop it.
Bamboo-based activated carbon method and production device. The method includes the following steps: A. Drying: After crushing the bamboo, use 250°C-350°C drying gas for drying; B. Carbonization: Use 550°C-700°C pyrolysis gas as a heat carrier to dry the dried bamboo. Carry out carbonization under oxygen conditions; and C. Activation: Spray water vapor into the carbonized bamboo, activate the bamboo charcoal under anoxic conditions, the activation temperature is 900°C-1000°C, and then cool to obtain a bamboo-based activated carbon product. The reaction of the invention is uniform and sufficient, water vapor fully contacts the carbonized material during the activation process, and the generated activated carbon is not easy to form balls and walls in the furnace, thereby improving product quality stability and char production rate. In addition, the present invention makes full use of the waste heat of carbonization and carbonization, reduces energy consumption, recovers carbonization and carbonization by-products, reduces flue gas emissions, reduces environmental pollution, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of bamboo.
The existing preparation technologies for bamboo-based activated carbon mainly include earth kiln method, improved earth kiln method and carbonization method. The disadvantages of the earth kiln method are that there are many human factors, uneven heating of the material, low carbonization temperature, uneven contact between the activator and the material, poor quality stability of the bamboo-based activated carbon produced, oxidation problems, low carbon production rate, and The cycle is long. Although the improved earth kiln method is improved compared to the earth kiln method, there are still shortcomings of the earth kiln method as a whole. The refining temperature of the carbonization furnace used in the current carbonization method is low, the quality of bamboo-based activated carbon is difficult to guarantee, and the volume of the carbonization kettle is small and the output is low.
